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BIRD STATION MANUAL
| FOREWORD | 5 |
| PART I FIELD DATA COLLECTING |
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| INTRODUCTION THE PASSERINE STATION Methods of fieldwork Catching methods Visual observations Field equipment Mist-nets Heligoland traps The Rybatchy-type trap Zigzag trap Operation Baltic transportable heligoland trap Funnel traps Bird transport devices Bird storing devices Laboratory equipment Laboratory tools Rings Ringing stand Arrangement of the netting area Land habitats Wetland habitats Documentation of the netting area Maintenance of the nets How to free a bird from the net Net controls Standard set of nets Special netting How to arrange trapping with heligoland traps Laboratory methods Species determination and coding Sex/age determination and coding Standard set of measurements Additional measurements and scores Training the beginners in measuring birds Special studies Directional preferences of nocturnal migrants The study of moult Field ringing/data-collecting form Laboratory working routine Normal routine Extended routines Alarm routine THE WADER STATION Different catching techniques Walk-in traps Mist-nets Laboratory equipment Wader transport and storing devices Ringing tools Arrangement of the catching area Maintenance of the traps Control of the traps Laboratory methods Standard set of measurements and scores Additional measurements and scores Laboratory working routine Wader counts BIRD MORTALITY AND THE BIRD'S WELFARE APPENDIX I Alternative methods of holding and measuring birds List of not redundant species code-items |
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| PART II APPLICATION OF COLLECTED DATA |
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| INTRODUCTION METHODS OF BIRD PASSAGE STUDIES AND FACTORS CHANGING THEIR EFFECTIVENESS List of some possible errors Influence of weather conditions Influence of factors depending on an observer Difficulties in data comparison MODELLING THE SEASONAL DYNAMICS OF BIRD MIGRATION The problem Basics of the modelling of the seasonal dynamics pattern Modelling the Willow Warbler seasonal dynamics pattern Estimation of relative frequency of birds in different waves Conclusions RINGING AND MIGRATION PATTERNS OF EUROPEAN PASSERINES Distribution patterns Results of ringing - classic studies Theoretical models in an interpretation of recovery patterns Types of recovery patterns Models of migration Cline model Population model Interpretation of recovery patterns Elementary recovery patterns Complex recovery patterns Discussion of the models Recovery pattern and distribution of ringed birds The method An example The requirements Results of ringing-advanced studies General picture of Passerine migration in Europe Recent evolution of migration patterns Conclusion A FIELD STUDY OF DIRECTIONAL PREFERENCES OF NOCTURNAL PASSERINE MIGRANTS Basics of the new technique Testing the technique Evaluation of data Reversed directions in the orientation cage Comparison of day and night experiments Resulted directional patterns Results of orientation experiments and ringing recoveries Large scale studies based on the method Conclusions EVALUATION OF THE BIRD BODYMASS AND THE BIRD CONDITION Conclusions EVALUATION OF THE WING-SHAPE Discussion of the wing-shape indices Wing-shape indices in the biometrical studies Conclusions LOCALlSATION OF BREEDlNG ORIGIN OF MIGRANTS ACCORDING TO BIOMETRICAL DATA Population model in biometrics Cline model in biometrics Checking the models on real data How to localise bird groups by measurements Methodical problems Conclusions CORRELATIVE TOPOGRAPHY - A USEFUL METHOD TO STUDY INTRA-GROUP BIOMETRICAL DlFFERENTIATION The method Example of application Conclusions STUDIES OF LONG-TERM POPULATION DYNAMICS BASED ON RINGING DATA National ringing totals Station ringing data Localisation of the station Methods of data collection Evaluation of the station ringing data Interpretation of the results Pooling the data Conclusions APPENDIX II REFERENCES |
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